美国应届毕业生就业面临四大挑战

　　Graduating college students face a mixed job market at best this year， and most will leave school without an offer in hand， despite an uptick in hiring by on-campus recruiters.

　　对于即将在今年毕业的美国大学生而言，他们面临的是一个充其量只能说是喜忧参半的就业市场。尽管进校园招聘的企业的招聘人数有所上升，大多数毕业生仍将无所斩获离开学校。

　　A survey of employers by the National Association of Colleges and Employers showed those that recruit on campuses plan to boost hiring of new grads by 10.2% from last year. However， on-campus recruiting is only a small slice of the pie —— the bulk of graduates find jobs on their own.

　　Associated Press全美高校与雇主协会（National Association of Colleges and Employers）对招聘企业展开的一项调查显示，参与校园招聘的企业今年的应届毕业生计划招聘人数比去年增加了10.2%.然而，校园招聘只占就业市场很小一部分，大多数毕业生还是得自己走出校园找工作。

　　In a study to be released Thursday， the John J. Heldrich Center for Workforce Development at Rutgers University found that recent graduates are taking awhile to find work. Only 49% of graduates from the classes of 2009 to 2011 had found a full-time job within a year of finishing school， compared with 73% for students who graduated in the three years prior.

　　罗格斯大学（Rutgers University）约翰？黑尔德里希人力发展中心（John J. Heldrich Center for Workforce Development）在上周发布的研究报告中指出，新近毕业的大学生要花不少时间才能找到工作。在2009年至2011年期间毕业的大学生中，只有49%的人在毕业一年内找到全职工作，2006至2008年期间毕业的大学生的这一比例为73%.

　　Overall， the unemployment rate among 20- to 24-year-olds with bachelor‘s degrees was 6.4% in April， compared with 8.1% for the overall population， according to the Labor Department.

　　根据美国劳工部（Labor Department）公布的数据，总体说来，4月份美国拥有学士学位的20岁至24岁年轻人的失业率为6.4%，而总人口的失业率为8.1%.

　　Experts say four broad issues will make it tougher for today‘s graduates to launch their careers and succeed over the long run.

　　就业问题专家称，当今的毕业生若要开启职业生涯并在未来获得成功更加艰难，他们将要面临四大挑战。

　　FIRST， the job market is still far from booming： March and April‘s disappointing job numbers —— employers added only 154，000 and 115，000 jobs， respectively， compared with an average gain of about 250，000 in the previous three months —— suggest the recovery remains fragile. The downbeat news echoes a pattern in the past two years， when much-heralded economic ’green shoots‘ early in the year failed to blossom into sustained improvement.

　　首先，就业市场还远远算不上繁荣。3月份和4月份的就业数据均令人失望，分别只增加了154，000个和115，000个工作岗位，而之前三个月平均每月约增加250，000个岗位，这表明经济复苏依然疲软。这个让人沮丧的消息与过去两年的模式颇为相似──年初大举宣扬的经济复苏苗头最终未能进一步发展为持续的改善。